Scred of Robots

Hello reader:) 

                    This is blog on Why we Scared of Robots and AI. First of all this blog is given by Dr. Dilip Barad sir. In this task we saw three short movies based on Robots that destroy humans. To see this video and for more information click here. 

In this task we seen three Short film first and second about babysitter robot third is in Hindi Robot live with Old Man  As we all know that  Robot's more Intelligent than human sometimes for that we so scared from them we afraid that they replace our Position in Society in our Digital life parents are very busy for their children they prefer Robot to care their child than human because there are many cases Nanny and human babysitter more harmful and then Robot humans are Only work in their own profession but Robot's are Multitasker they also doing many other works.

It is similar like when Science Experiments are start people are afraid for that and many narration  are against to science they are narrated Robot's as monster Robot's are made by humans they are not creation of God it is only machine we teach them behavior, language everything. We buy a washing machine and it was not properly replaced or repaired, not having any emotional bond similar to robots. We think or want that they are behaving like humans and this is impossible for them. It is our expectation to make machines dangerous. 

In the third short film, the question raised by Robot was very interesting, like India God Krishna he was telling that 'Nila Aadmi' and his question about Bhagavad Gita. Japan, China, Korea, and America are more teachno friendly countries than they are making this kind of Narration and countries like India because of poverty our people can't afford robots with this kind of technology made for Rich countries. 

In Bollywood we also have one movie example which was Favoring and against both narrations in this movie. They are portrait robots. They also include emotions that they are not having any emotions. In reality and imaginative narration both are different. In all three videos we see they are the same like humans and their master expects that they understand like humans but in reality robots are very helpful in education, house and other things. 

In the end my interpretation is Robot's are not enemies of humans but they are good friends of humans. See this video in reality how they are helping humans and they are important for our future. 

In this video Sophia Robot's body is the same like humans. They only catch our words like her master told that destroy humans then she said ok I destroy humans. We are not having sense how to deal with Robot and their algorithm how to talk with them they are only work according your language we have to be very careful to give them instructions. 

The Culture of Speed

Hello reader :) 

                     This is a response blog task given by Dr. Dilip Barad. This task is about Speed and Culture. This is important in Cultural Studies and Speed in our life which we never realise. 

Paul Virilio

Paul Virilio's work on 'Dromology' - the Science of Speed - is an exciting reading of late twentieth century cyberculture.

Dromology is derived from the Greek ‘dromos’: avenue or race course. The theory of dromology interprets the world and reality as a resultant of velocity. In Paul Virilio’s 1977 essay entitled “Speed and Politics”, the french philosopher makes a compelling case for an interpretation of history, politics and society in the context of speed. Extending the definition of “dromomania”, Virilio argues that speed became the sole agent and measure of progress. He contends that “there was no ‘industrial revolution’, only ‘democratic revolution’; there is no democracy, only dromocracy; there is no strategy, only dromology.” for more click here

Ted Talk

Carl Honore Journalist speak on 'In Paradise of Slowness'World we live in now is a world stuck in fast forward. A world obsessed with speed with doing everything faster with cramming more and more into less time race against the clock this is road runner we are so marinated in the Culture of Speed that we almost Fail to notice the toll it takes on every aspect of lives health diet, Our work, Relationship, Environment, community he gave Example of Bedtime stories  like in nowadays with Speed alexa telling the Stories earlier it was by GrandParents Mother, Father telling us stories

We know, urbanization, consumerism, the workplace, and technology. But I think if you cut through those forces, you get to what might be the deeper driver, the nub of the question, which is how we think about time itself. In other cultures, time is cyclical. It's seen as moving in great, unhurried circles. It's always renewing and refreshing itself. Whereas in the West, time is linear. It's a finite resource; it's always draining away. You either use it, or lose it. "Time is money," as Benjamin Franklin said. And I think what that does to us psychologically is it creates an equation. Time is scarce, so what do we do? Well -- well, we speed up, don't we? We try and do more and more with less and less time. We turn every moment of every day into a race to the finish line -- a finish line, incidentally, that we never reach, but a finish line nonetheless. And I guess that the question is, is it possible to break free from that mindset? And thankfully, the answer is yes, because what I discovered, when I began looking around, is that there is a global backlash against this culture that tells us that faster is always better, and that busier is best.

He gives several examples of Italy and their slow movement like slow food, slow city.He was telling about our nearer situations like work hours weekend and also children having to much speed in their fields like homework, tution, and other many activities they done and not only focused in study but they have many skills and they made their future with those skills also he was given great example of Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard. 

He raises the question: why is it so hard to slow down?  Speed is fun, speed is sexy. It's all that adrenaline rush. It's hard to give it up. Why we find it hard to slow down is the cultural taboo that we've erected against slowing down. "Slow" is a dirty word in our culture. It's a byword for "lazy," "slacker," for being somebody who gives up. You know, "he's a bit slow." It's actually synonymous with being stupid.Slow movement is hard in our now fast world but it was not impossible for our life and for our family we need to become flow. 

In our India last few years speed growing of GDP and Poverty in India is best example we are only see the speed but it was very harmful for democracy see the graph of 

GDP

Poverty

Cyber Feminism

Hello reader :) 

This is response blog on Cyber feminism. This task given by Dr. Dilip Barad for more information about this task click here

Cyber feminism is a term coined in 1994 by Sadie Plant, director of the Cybernetic Culture Research Unit at the University of Warwick in Britain, to describe the work of feminists interested in theorizing, critiquing, and

exploiting the Internet, cyberspace, and new-media technologies in general. The term and movement grew outo f “third-wave” feminism, the contemporary feminist movement that follows the “second-wave” feminism of the1970s, which focused on equal rights for women, and which itself followed the “first-wave” feminism of the early  20th century, which concentrated on woman suffrage. Cyber feminism has tended to include mostly younger,technologically savvy women, and those from Western, white, middle-class backgrounds. The ranks of cyber feminists are growing, however, and along with this increase is a growing divergence of ideas about what constitutes cyber feminist thought and action.Prior to the advent of cyber feminism, feminist study of technology tended to examine technological developments as socially and culturally constructed. One major argument was that technology has been positioned as part of masculine culture something that men are interested in, good at, and therefore engage in more than women. Even though women throughout history have been active in developing new technologies,feminists have argued that technology has still been looked upon as a masculine creation. For example,although women had been involved in the creation and development of the computer, their contributions were largely marginalized, and their participation often ignored or written out of history. Therefore, feminists such as Judy Wacjman, a professor of sociology at the Australian National University in Canberra, and Cynthia Cockburn, an independent scholar and activist in London, argued that technology needed to be continually interrogated and re-conceptualized, and that women needed to become more active in technological areas as well.Also pointing the way for cyber feminism was the work of Donna Haraway, a professor in the History of Consciousness program at the University of California at Santa Cruz. In her groundbreaking essay “A Manifesto for Cyborgs,” she argues for a socialist, feminist cyborg that challenges the singular identities and “grids of control” that work to contain women and other marginalized groups. Haraway agreed that women needed to become more technologically proficient, better able to engage with the “informatics of domination” and challenge these systems. But Haraway also and importantly argued that women would need to be savvy and politically aware users of these technological systems; simply using them was not enough.

cyber feminism itself, a growing area of thought and study, is not a unified set of ideas concerning women and new technologies. Cyber feminists explore many areas of theory: that women are naturally suited to using the internet, as both share important commonalities; that women can best empower themselves by becoming fluent in online communication and acquiring technological expertise; and that women would do best to study how power and knowledge are constructed in technological systems, and how and where feminists can disrupt and change these practices for the betterment of all members of society.

Video 1 Kirti Sharma

This media panic that our robot overlords are taking over. We could blame Hollywood for that. But in reality, that's not the problem we should be focusing on. There is a more pressing danger, a bigger risk with AI, that we need to fix first. So the  question is : How many decisions have been made about you today by AI? And how many of these were based on your gender, your race or your background?

Algorithms are being used all the time to make decisions AI isn't just being used to make decisions about what products we want to buy or which show we want to binge watch next.

These are some real decisions that AI has made very recently, based on the biases it has learned from us, from the humans. AI is being used to help decide whether or not you get that job interview; how much you pay for your car insurance; how good your credit score is; and even what rating you get in your annual performance review. But these decisions are all being filtered through its assumptions about our identity, our race, our gender, our age. How is that happening?

AI is helping a hiring manager find the next tech leader in the company. So far, the manager has been hiring mostly men. So the AI learns men are more likely to be programmers than women.it similar like Chirman Or MD sir it is Women also Chairperson or MD of compnies. 

Most Important thing she discuss it is very near to us then out of over focus is like Siri, Alexa or even Cortana? They all have two things in common: one, they can never get my name right, and second, they are all female. They are designed to be our obedient servants, turning your lights on and off, ordering your shopping. You get male AIs too, but they tend to be more high-powered, like IBM Watson, making business decisions, Salesforce Einstein or ROSS, the robot lawyer. So poor robots, even they suffer from sexism in the workplace.The good news about AI is that it is entirely within our control. We get to teach the right values, the right ethics to AI. So there are three things we can do. One, we can be aware of our own biases and the bias in machines around us. Two, we can make sure that diverse teams are building this technology. And three, we have to give it diverse experiences to learn from.

What we really need to do to make AI better is bring people from all kinds of backgrounds. We need people who can write and tell stories to help us create personalities of AI.We need to think very carefully what we teach machines, what data we give them, so they don't just repeat our own past mistakes.

Video-2 Robin Hauser

She was documentary filmmaker she love  Job to learn new things every human has a bias and sometimes bias isn't bad things then she give the example Dog Survival technique but if it interfere with the way that interact with society our unconscious bias lead us to make snap judgement or assumptions computers are more intelligent AI is not super solution to solve for human bias in fact AI is already as biased as humans. AI is meant to interact with human behavior then it runs into losing control of the machine. She gives the example of Microsoft and Tweeter. 

Engineers control data input bias is being Programmed into Al Intelligent machines rely on data fed to them to train algorithms.

Example

-Different between cat & Dog

-Search Engines.

-African American.

-Translation Software

-Gender bias.

Doctor most often associated with male Pronouns just like the word nurse is most often associated with she or her if any one try to  translate sentence related to doctor and nurse computer automatic translate doctor as him and nurse as she like if we are listen MD more like male Pronouns and Just like the word receptionist more Like female. 

She give other interesting example Software of Bank, Credit score Race inequality. In Ending of Talk she was talking about who is governing AI Responsible For ethical standards of supercomputers We want artificial intelligence to reflect Society as it exists today Or as an ideal equaitable society of tomorrow.

(Words-1236) 

Thank you… 

Prose Writer Blog

 Hello Reader :)  This  is response blog on Flipped learning  given by my teacher tap this link to know more about task.

Task 1

Three Prose Writer

Que 1. Write note on S.Radhakrishanan's Perspective on Hinduism? 

S.Radhakrishanan

Professor Radhakrishnan, the best-known Of the three is a philosopher states man with an international reputation, a scholar with a phenomenal memory, a resourceful and eloquent and effective speaker, and a voluminous writer with an uncanny flair for lucidity and epigrammatic Strength. After Independence, he became Chairman of the Universities commission, India President he divided his time between Moscow and all souls, Oxford, and completed his English translation of the principal upanishads.

(The Hindu view of life. 1927) 

(An Idealist view of Life 1932) 

The Apologist of the Hindu view of life- and of the idealist view at life in teams mainly of Advaita vedanta. He gives lessons on Gautama the Buddha.

 Radhakrishnan tells  British audience that Religious tolerance has been a hallowed tradition in India. 

Bhagavad Gita

Dhammapada 

Principal Upanishads 

Brahma sutras

In other words, he went back to the Living waters at the Indian philosophical  tradition and found them more Self-explanatory and self adjusting to changing circumstances than any exegetical edifices could by themselves hope to achieve he show Hinduism more in its visible dynamic aspects, it is but natural that mellowed Radhakrishanan.

Radhakrishnan starts off by confronting the classic question of what Hinduism actually is. This, he does not answer directly, for a very good reason: Hinduism isn’t an internally recognised word, but a name given to the subcontinent of India by outsiders. Later, it was recognised by Hindus as being a practicable working name. This was because India, despite being diverse, had a common history, literature and civilization

The backbone of Hindu culture and beliefs is the Vedas. Faith is the vision of the soul where the spiritual part of the world is apprehended, just as the material world is apprehended via the physical senses. The mind has two powers, reason and intuition. Reason correlates with the physical senses, intuition with faith. The Vedas are a collection of the intuitions of the soul, which became the spiritual intuitions which founded the cohesive Hinduism we now know. These intuitions have a perennial value because “the truths revealed in the Vedas are capable of being re-experienced on compliance with ascertained conditions”.

Hindus believe that there are different paths to God, and each individual has their own path. This is one of the reasons why there are many different books to learn from, not just the Vedas, but the Puranas, Ramayana, Mahabharata, to name a few. The reason why it is thought that each person has their own path to God is that religious experience cannot be made objective. Instead, our path to God is crafted from how we are disposed to experience God, therefore we all have a different experience of what God is, and a different path to God. 

2.Raghunathan's views of Indian culture? 

One of the great Journalists N. Raghunathan who wrote under 'Sotto voce' and signed  himself as Vighneswara, Raghunathan was usually the conservative,unpopular,diehard view the conservative, unpopular, diehard' view: his assent with tradition was apt to assume the tone of dissent From current notions of progress and yet his view couldn't be dismissed as of no consequence, for the undertones of assent and dissent came with an accent of authority that compelled attention if not acquiescence.

He was using words ,swadharma, Swatantra Swarajya and also he was talking more and using viveka, pramada, mantra and other Indian words and culture with Indian spirituality. 

New Rules (1961)

The Coming at Freedom (1959) 

The Avadi socialists (1964) 

Own paradise (1970).

Reason and Intuition In Indian Culture (1969)

Raghunathan's feeling for tradition doesn't of course make him a strick  in the mud obscurantist. He is fully aware of the tempo of Change in this age of nuclear Power and Space travel. Change is easy, and dangerous . The problem is to Preserve the right balance between change and stagnation, retain the soul in its Purity and Power, yet permit the body's growth and development and Facilitate the education of the mind in the context of advancing science and Technology.

Raghunathan's style has yet a distinctiveness of its own, marked by a Sanskritic Flavour, a sweep of comprehension, an undertone of dhwani and a Poise and Structural adequacy  that are the marks of a mastery of the medium. Raghunathan write as one who has a sense at belonging utterly to the great cultural tradition of our country and as one who is unafraid to stand up to intimidation by what passes for modernity He has confessed to "a quite primitive Objection to coercing or being coerced, "and to "an obstinate faith in Freedom as the basic social value. "

Task -2

1.Write a note on how kaikini differs From Other Indian poets in his poems. P. R. Kaikini? 

P. R. Kaikini

Flower offerings (1934) had the subtitle "Prose Poems on Truth, Beauty and Nahue" and its was Followed by songs of a wanderer: Prose Lyrics 1936) The Influence of Tagore.

The mood soon changed, and kaikini instead of singing of "joy and dynamic life" began to scream about "blood and war" and rhythmic prose gave place to free verse. This civilization (1937), Shanghai (1939), The Recruit (1940). The Snake in the Moon (1942) and look on Undaunted (1944) were the recordations of Kaikini's response to the changes on the Indian or world scene in the Wake of the rake's Progress of the Nazis and the Militarists and the rape of the masses everywhere. 

Science, politics, everyday affairs and Passionate sense of right and wrong. A Natural calamity like The Quetta earthquake of 1935 the Sufferings of embattled Shanghai in 1937, the war that Hitler precipitated in 1939 the nadir of human Fortune in 1942 these were kalkini's themes.

2.Write a critical Note on the poems by Nissim Ezekiel

Nissim Ezekiel is a great Indo-Anglian poet. Versatility is the outstanding characteristic of his poetry. The Indian contemporary scene, modern urban life, human relationship, love and sex and spiritual values are the major themes of his poetry. He has experimented endlessly with form and craft. Flawless craftsmanship makes his poetry unique.

AS A POET OF INDIAN URBAN LIFE: Ezekiel is a poet of city life. In his poem we find the description of Bombay. It is symbol of any modern city. Through this symbol the poet has presented the ugliness, dirt, wickedness, inhumanity and squalor of life. According to him the city reduces human personality to a zero. In 'In Morning Walk' the poet says:

Barbaric city, sick with slums,

Deprived of seasons, blessed with rains

Its hawkers, beggars, iron lunged

Processions led by frantic drums.

LOVE AND SEX: Love and sex occupy prominent place in Ezekiel's poetry. In fact, Ezekiel is a poet of body. The celebration of flesh, breakdown of married life and sensuality and lust are recurring motives in his poetry. His poems entitled 'Description', 'Motives', 'Nudes' and 'The Couple' offer some spicy pictures of sexual relationship. In 'Motives' the poet says:

My motives are sexual,

aesthetic and friendly

in that order, adding up

to bed with you.

INDIANNESS: Ezekiel is a foreigner whose ancestors had migrated to India. As a poet he has observed and experienced much more of Indian life. Thus the acceptance of Indian reality is an important characteristic of his poetry. His poetry portrays the social aspect of India with a humanistic strain. But the fact of the matter is that Ezekiel rebelled against the Indian way of life. He has ridiculed the Indian modes of behaviour and the Indian way of speaking the English language. Thus his poems show more of anti- Indianness than Indianness.In short, the poet's relationship with India is love hate relationship.

AS A POET OF RELATIONSHIP: Ezekiel has centred his attention on marital, family and human relationship. As a sharp observer of marital life the poet says that husbands and wives should try to create harmony for a successful marital life. Some of his poems deal with domestic life. In these poems the poet draws memorable pictures of his parents and children. There is a confessional note also in them.

ALIENATION AND SEARCH FOR IDENTITY: The theme of alienation is central to Ezekiel's poetry. In some of his poems we find an emphatic expression to his social and cultural alienation. Once he says about himself:

A mugging Jew among the wolves

They told me that I had killed the Christ.

Apart from this, as a poet Ezekiel tries to explore his identity. In many of his poems he concentrates on self- analysis and introspection. His 'Case Study' is a fine example of it. Thus self- exploration and search for identity are the major themes of Ezekiel's poetry.

PHILOSOPHICAL AND RELIGIOUS POETRY: Ezekiel's poetry shows his philosophical and religious bent of mind. He always stresses the need of commitment, sincerity and integrity. His attitude to religion is rational, logical, secular and humanistic. He believes in the religion of love and charity.

POETIC STYLE: Ezekiel is great craftsman. He has a rich sense of humour and wit. To attack on absurdities and follies of life, he takes help of irony. He shows keen sense of form and structure. Words are chosen and used carefully. He frequently uses the colloquial English. His conversational tone is interesting. Ezekiel's symbols and images are evocative.

Task 3

1.write  a note on the changing trends in Post Independence Indian writing in English? 

If we take a look at the trends in Indian English fiction, we will be struck by realism that underlies this genre in the post-Independence period. We come across five broad types of realism – social realism, psychological realism, historical realism, mythical realism and magic realism in Indian English fiction. Women novelists like Kamala Markandaya, Nayantara Sehgal and Shashi Deshpande lay emphasis on social realism and family relationships. Markandaya’s Nectar in a Sieve and A Handful of Rice deal with stark social realism depicting how the transition in society affects family relationships. The woman in women’s fiction seeks an identity of her own, independent of her husband.

Post-Independence Indian English fiction is post-colonial Indian English fiction because it continues to evoke colonial legacies in the contemporary society and seeks to compete with English language fiction for international prizes like the Commonwealth Fiction Prize, and the Booker Prize, etc.

Notable among them in the post-Independent India are Salman Rushdie, Arundhathi Roy, Amitav Ghosh, Shashi Tharoor, Shashi Deshpande, Manju Kapur,  Aravind Adiga and Chetan Baghat. But the post-modern writers like Rushdie and Ghosh had to delve deep into the impact of freedom on the Indians. A novel like The Hungry Tide by Ghosh clearly shows how the hard won freedom has not liberated the tribal people from the local oppressors. For another example, Manju Kapoor’s A Married Woman articulates a difference of freedom within the family. In fact, another kind of environmental and social freedom struggle continues in our country even today as represented by a number of writers, including Arundhathi Roy and Chetan Baghat. Roy and Bhagat have attracted a large following among the Indian youth. They have a clarion call for value clarification, which is the need of the hour.

        Another trend is the translation of regional literatures into English. For example, almost the entire works of Premchand or Rabibndranath Tagore or Subramania Bharathi or Vijay Tendulkar or Vasudevan Nair are available in English not only for the English people but also for the people of the world who have some knowledge of English as a second or foreign language. Takazhi Sivasankarapillai’s Chemmeen, Kesava Reddy’s He Conquered the Jungle, Sundara Ramasamy’s Tale of a Tamarind Tree, U R Anantha Murthy’s Samsara and so on are great contributions to literature in English translation. Of these translated texts, we have a unique trend of women writers emerging on the national scene. A case in point is Mahasweta Devi of West Bengal. She is an activist-writer who has championed the cause of the marginalized tribal people in West Bengal in such works as “Draupati”. An interesting aspect of this creative translation is the work of Girish Karnad, for he wrote most of his plays in English but translated them into English himself. His plays from Tughlaq to Wedding Album point to the historical and social problems facing our country.

        Yet another trend is the emergence of writers from the Dalit and other marginalized sections of the society. A remarkable work of international standing is Bama’s Karukku. Yet another work in this category is Ompuri Valmiki’s Joothan. These writings erase the distinction between fact and fiction. Some autobiographies of these writers are presented so vividly that they claim the status of great fiction. Further, the shocking plays of Mahesh Dattani and Manjula Padmanabhan belong to a different strand of margin, away from the mainstream literature.

2."India is not a country: says Raja Rao "India is an Idea, a metaphysic Explain with Examples ? 

Raja Rao The Serpent and the Rope attempts a Portrait of the perennial India which being Perennial, is also modern In the Mahabharata all roads lead to Kurukshetra in the eternal city on the banks of holy river Ganga In his novel he almost Persuades us that he is right. By making Benares the Focus of his action as it were and by equating the Ganga with India's life stream Raja Rao does Succeed is realizing "national identity' in a sense not Possible to a novelist whose approach to the problem is made on the Wheel Of a political or economic ideology  Of this Novel it may be certainly said that it is neither revivalist nor imitative of western models: it is autochthonous, it is modern and it does Conjure up the many dimensions of India's national identity. 

(Words:2276) 

Thank you… . 

 Hello reader :) In this blog I am discussing Feminism theory. What do  Feminist critics do? and some examples. 

Definition

belief in and advocacy of the political, economic, and social equality of the sexes expressed especially through organized activity on behalf of women's rights and interests.

Feminism

As a distinctive and concerted approach to literature, feminist criticism was not inaugurated until late in the 1960s. Behind it, however, lie two centuries of struggle for the recognition of women’s cultural roles and achievements, and for women’s social and political rights, marked by such books as Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), John Stuart Mill’s The Subjection of Women (1869), and the American Margaret Fuller’s Woman in the Nineteenth Century (1845).

1. The basic view is that Western civilization is pervasively patriarchal

2. It is widely held that while one’s sex as a man or woman is determined by anatomy, the prevailing concepts of gender

3. The further claim is that this patriarchal (or “masculinist,” or “androcentric”) ideology pervades those writings which have been traditionally considered great literature,

What feminist critics do 

1. Rethink the canon, aiming at the rediscovery of texts written by women. 

2. Revalue women's experience. 

3. Examine representations of women in literature by men and women. 

4. Challenge representations of women as 'Other', as 'lack', as part of 'nature'. 

5. Examine power relations which obtain in texts and in life, with a view to breaking them down, seeing reading as a political act, and showing the extent of patriarchy. 

6. Recognise the role of language in making what is social and constructed seem transparent and 'natural'. 

7. Raise the question of whether men and women are 'essentially' different because of biology, or are socially constructed as different. 

8. Explore the question of whether there is a female language, an ecriture feminine, and whether this is also available to men. 

9. 'Re-read' psychoanalysis to further explore the issue of female and male identity. 

10. Question the popular notion of the death of the author, asking whether there are only 'subject positions ... constructed in discourse', or whether, on the contrary, the experience (e.g. of a black or lesbian writer) is central. 

11. Make clear the ideological base of supposedly 'neutral' or 'mainstream' literary interpretations. 

Example

In this movie Rani mukherjee was protagonist who have speaking problem because of that many School are not appointed her as a teacher but she was fight with all who are saying that she can't but she was doing her best. 

In this Woman was boss in office both husband and wife work in same office but after coming home she was doing cooking like women have to do household works  no matter if she have other many qualities. 

In our Indian T. V Or Indian society always represent woman have duty for household work and serve her husband and children we seen every Dishwash cleaner and clothes washing shop or Detergent or Grocery shopping advertisement you show main or lead role by women if any Man in those ad the are suggesting they are only helping this is not their duty to work. 

This is not any 19s collection of News Article this is recently published in News it is highly problematic Man are decided that what to do women marriages are  her personal choice but they are decided all for women people are like Dr. Ambedkar who are fight for woman right after so many years of our independent we are still their where we start he made rules for women rights which is developed in future but i Think this future he was not expected from us. 

There some bollywood movies cover the concept of Feminism

Secret Superstar

One daughter who is belong to Muslim family and strict father she was fight for her dream and also free her mother from domestic violence by her father. 

Nail Battey Sannata

In this movie story of one mother and daughter. Apeksha hates studying since she thinks it is a futile effort owing to their financial status. To solve this problem, her mother, Chanda, comes up with a unique strategy to motivate her daughter.

Queen

In this movie protagonist Rani is devastated after her fiance leaves her just before the wedding. Undeterred, she decides to go on their honeymoon alone where she gets pulled out of her comfort zone and rediscovers herself.Generally we think honeymoon made for couples but this movie break this idea 

Visit this link you can see some bollywood movies example which shows some dialogue which is unrespective for women.

Hello reader :) In this blog I am discussing Feminism theory. What do  Feminist critics do? and some examples. 

Definition

belief in and advocacy of the political, economic, and social equality of the sexes expressed especially through organized activity on behalf of women's rights and interests.

As a distinctive and concerted approach to literature, feminist criticism was not inaugurated until late in the 1960s. Behind it, however, lie two centuries of struggle for the recognition of women’s cultural roles and achievements, and for women’s social and political rights, marked by such books as Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), John Stuart Mill’s The Subjection of Women (1869), and the American Margaret Fuller’s Woman in the Nineteenth Century (1845).

1. The basic view is that Western civilization is pervasively patriarchal

2. It is widely held that while one’s sex as a man or woman is determined by anatomy, the prevailing concepts of gender

3. The further claim is that this patriarchal (or “masculinist,” or “androcentric”) ideology pervades those writings which have been traditionally considered great literature,

What feminist critics do 

1. Rethink the canon, aiming at the rediscovery of texts written by women. 

2. Revalue women's experience. 

3. Examine representations of women in literature by men and women. 

4. Challenge representations of women as 'Other', as 'lack', as part of 'nature'. 

5. Examine power relations which obtain in texts and in life, with a view to breaking them down, seeing reading as a political act, and showing the extent of patriarchy. 

6. Recognise the role of language in making what is social and constructed seem transparent and 'natural'. 

7. Raise the question of whether men and women are 'essentially' different because of biology, or are socially constructed as different. 

8. Explore the question of whether there is a female language, an ecriture feminine, and whether this is also available to men. 

9. 'Re-read' psychoanalysis to further explore the issue of female and male identity. 

10. Question the popular notion of the death of the author, asking whether there are only 'subject positions ... constructed in discourse', or whether, on the contrary, the experience (e.g. of a black or lesbian writer) is central. 

11. Make clear the ideological base of supposedly 'neutral' or 'mainstream' literary interpretations. 

Example

In this movie Rani mukherjee was protagonist who have speaking problem because of that many School are not appointed her as a teacher but she was fight with all who are saying that she can't but she was doing her best. 

In this Woman was boss in office both husband and wife work in same office but after coming home she was doing cooking like women have to do household works  no matter if she have other many qualities. 

In our Indian T. V Or Indian society always represent woman have duty for household work and serve her husband and children we seen every Dishwash cleaner and clothes washing shop or Detergent or Grocery shopping advertisement you show main or lead role by women if any Man in those ad the are suggesting they are only helping this is not their duty to work. 

This is not any 19s collection of News Article this is recently published in News it is highly problematic Man are decided that what to do women marriages are  her personal choice but they are decided all for women people are like Dr. Ambedkar who are fight for woman right after so many years of our independent we are still their where we start he made rules for women rights which is developed in future but i Think this future he was not expected from us. 

There some bollywood movies cover the concept of Feminism

Secret Superstar

One daughter who is belong to Muslim family and strict father she was fight for her dream and also free her mother from domestic violence by her father. 

Nail Battey Sannata

In this movie story of one mother and daughter. Apeksha hates studying since she thinks it is a futile effort owing to their financial status. To solve this problem, her mother, Chanda, comes up with a unique strategy to motivate her daughter.

Queen

In this movie protagonist Rani is devastated after her fiance leaves her just before the wedding. Undeterred, she decides to go on their honeymoon alone where she gets pulled out of her comfort zone and rediscovers herself.Generally we think honeymoon made for couples but this movie break this idea 

Visit this link you can see some bollywood movies example which shows some dialogue which is unrespective for women.

Ecocritism

 Hello reader :) In this blog I am discussing Ecocriticism theory. What do Eco critics do? and some examples. 

ECOCRITICISM

Ecocriticism Definition:

1.of or relating to the science of ecology

2.of or relating to the environments of living things or to the relationships between living things and their environments. 

Ecocriticism was a term coined in the late 1970s by combining “criticism” with a shortened form of “ecology”—the science that investigates the interrelations of all forms of plant and animal life with each other and with their physical habitats. 

“Ecocriticism” (or by alternative names, environmental criticism and green studies) designates the critical writings which explore the relations between literature and the biological and physical environment, conducted with an acute awareness of the damage being wrought on that environment by human activities. 

Ecocritics do not share a single theoretical perspective or procedure; instead, their engagements with environmental literature manifest a wide range of traditional, poststructural, and postcolonial points of view and modes of analysis. Within this diversity, however, certain issues and concerns are recurrent: 

1. It is claimed that the reigning religions and philosophies of Western civilization are deeply anthropocentric

2. Prominent in ecocriticism is a critique of binaries such as man/nature or culture/nature, viewed as mutually exclusive oppositions

3. Many ecocritics recommend, and themselves exemplify, the extension of “green reading” (that is, analysis of the implications of a text for environmental concerns and toward political action) to all literary genres

4. A conspicuous feature in ecocriticism is the analysis of the differences in attitudes toward the environment that are attributable to a writer’s race, ethnicity, social class, and gender.

What ecocritics do

1. They re-read major literary works from an ecocentric perspective, with particular attention to the representation of the natural world. 

2. They extend the applicability of a range of ecocentric concepts, using them of things other than the natural world -concepts such as growth and energy, balance and imbalance, symbiosis and mutuality, and sustainable or unsustainable uses of energy and resources. 

3. They give special canonical emphasis to writers who foreground nature as a major part of their subject matter, such as the American transcendentalists, the British Romantics, the poetry of John Clare, the work of Thomas Hardy and the Georgian poets of the early twentieth century. 

4. They extend the range of literary-critical practice by placing a new emphasis on relevant 'factual' writing, especially reflective topographical material such as essays, travel writing, memoirs, and regional literature. 

5. They turn away from the 'social constructivism' and 'linguistic determinism' of dominant literary theories (with their emphasis on the linguistic and social constructedness of the external world) and instead emphasise ecocentric values of meticulous observation, collective ethical responsibility, and the claims of the world beyond ourselves. 

Example

This advertisement is new in cosmetic products the are clearly said that if you buy this product the are plant tree and they make natural products Mama Earth

Original website in this go to plant goodness see your plant location and other things.

This poem in 5th standard students' English book how people enter the privacy of Nature we are disturbing Nature. 

Poem

In the jungle, standing near the lake, I saw a tiger looking at a snake.

In the jungle, swimming with a smile, I saw a big green crocodile.

In the jungle, roaring loudly, I saw a lion sitting proudly.

In the jungle, driving down the path, I saw a hippopotamus taking a bath.

In the jungle, hanging on a tree. I saw some monkeys laughing at me.

In the jungle on a branch in a tree, I heard some parrots talking to me.

Flying Jatt

 This movie is made for children it is about superman you think that why I selected this movie in this movie hero gain  power from Nature and greenness around him and villain is Pollution director use one person as a pollution but this is metaphor used by director. 

Pushpa

This movie is highly popular in our contemporary time this whole movie focusing on smuggling of Red Chandan wood because for own interested or business becoming rich destroyed Nature and specially destroying Jungale.